Compressor



May 13, 1930. HAYART 1,758,601

COMPRESSOR Filed May 31. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet. 1

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O o r May 13, 1930.

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anvil/ 4% i OZ ara Patented May 13, 1930 PATENT OFFICE" I LUCIEN' HAYART, OF LYON, FRANCE COMPRESSOR Application filed May e1, 1928, Serial No. 281,832, and in France June 17, 1927.

This invention relates to an improvement made in the construction of compressors and consists in giving to the piston a double movementthat of reciprocation and of oscillation.

This piston executes infa ct a reciprocating movement'in a pump body, whilst the bodyand piston oscillate abouta spindle in the interior of a shell constituting the frame.

The different phases of the operation are the result of the variation of volume which the said movements produce between the piston and the pump body, on the one hand, and the block and the walls of the shell, on the other hand.

The piston of constant length is perfectly balanced at either side of the machine.

The accompanying drawing shows by way of example a construction of a compressor with a horizontal axis, built according to the invention.

Figure 1 is a cross section through the of rotation of the piston and pump body.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section showing, respectively in full lines and in dotted lines, the pistonat the two ends of its reciprocating motion. 7

Figures 3 and 4 correspond to intermediate phases of operation.

At 1 is shown the pump body in which travels the piston 2 driven by the rotation of a spindle 3. To that end, to the latter is keyed eccentrically a cylindrical part l which moves in the oblong opening of a cage 5 proaxis ' vided in the piston 2. The pump body 1 can oscillate about a spindle 6.

It will readily be understood that the rotation of the spindle 3, by causing the eccentric 4: to roll in the interior of the cage 5. will produce a reciprocating movement of the piston2 in the body 1, whilst at the same time the whole of the piston and of the pump body will oscillate about the spindle 6.

The elements described in the foregoing are enclosed in the interior of a frame or shell 7, the side plates of the frame 7, 8 of which form bearings for the spindle 3. In the said side plates there are provided one or more openings 9 'ntended for the admission of air or other fluid which enters the interior of the munication between the chamber in which the 10. A point will be reached at which the volshell or casing. On the other hand, ports 10 provided in the walls of the lateral plates 8, enable air to'enter the pump body when the movement of the piston which itself acts as a valve, uncovers them. 7

The delivery takes place through a port 11 provided in the pump body 1 and fitted with a check Valve 11. hen the check valve is openedby pressure, this port establishes compiston is moving, and the second chamber 12 from which the compressedair is discharged through a conduit 13 bored in the spindle 6.

The opening and the closingof the various ports are regulated with a certain retarda tion, the effects of which will be explained further on. w

As a constructional detail must be mentioned the arrangement of the'two flywheels 14 at the ends of the spindle 3 for the purpose of balancing and ensuring uniformity of working, the addition of Water circulation jackets in the walls of the outer casing 7 ,in the side plates 8, the pump body land the piston 2. Packing devices are provided at the desired points; they are preferably constituted by portions of rings applied, under the thrust of springs, against thewalls concerned.

The different phases of working succeed one another in the following manner:

The machine during its rotation begins} by producing a depression until the moment. in V which the piston 2 uncovers the suction orifice time drawn in will reach its maximum; it is the moment when the piston reaches that end of its stroke which is the farthest away from the bottom of the body 1 (Figure 2, full lines) The phase of retardation at the closing of'suction takes place at the beginningof the return stroke of the piston. The air drawn in is then delivered through the port 11 through its valve and then escapes through the orifice 13.

The positions of the various ports are, as already stated, offset or displaced, so as to give some retardation to their opening and to their closing, the object of this being to make possible an almost complete recuperation of the inertia or momentum of the gaseous mass in movement, thus obtaining a very Complete cylinder-full or charge.

The retardation at the opening of the suction port has the great advantage of allowing a great part of the work of compression to be absorbed by the clearance. It thusproduces at the moment of opening, a depression inlthe pump body which makes it possible to obtain a sharp draft of air.

The retardation at the closing of the suction port makes it possible to obtain a supercompression of the air in the casing at the moment of closing. of the suction port.

It goes without saying that the constructional details given with reference to the very diagrammatic drawings, must be taken merely as examples, and that they could be varied in practice without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims: r 7

'1. A compressorcomprising a casing, a pump body oscillating within the said casing, a piston reciprocating within the'said pump body, means for oscillating the said pump body and reciprocating the said piswton, means for introducing the operating fluid into the said casing, means whereby the said fluid passes from the casing into the pump body through the suction exerted by the piston, and-means whereby the fluid is discharged from the side of the casing.

2. A compressorcomprising a casing, a pump body oscillating within the said casing, a piston reciprocating within the said pump body, means foroscillating the said pump body'and reciprocating the said piston, means for introducing the operating fluld into the said casing, a port provided in the pump body andwhich is covered and uncovered by the piston, whereby the said fluid .passes from the casinginto the pump body through the suction exerted by the piston,

and a discharge opening with a check'valve providedin the pump body and communicating with the outside of the casing.

4 3. A compressor comprising a casing, a pump body oscillating within the said casing, apiston reciprocating within the said pump body, means for oscillating the said pump body and reciprocating the said piston, means for introducing the operating fluid into the said casing, a port provided in the pump body and which is covered and uncovered with a-certain retardation by the piston, whereby the said fluid passes from the cas ing into the pumpbody through the suction V exerted by the piston, and a discharge opening with a check valve provided in the pump body and communicating with the outside of the casing. r 1

4. A compressor comprising a casing, a pump body oscillating within the said casing, a piston reciprocating within the said 7 pump body means. foroscillating the said pump body to the out- I pump body and reciprocating the said piston,

.means for introducing the operating fluid the piston within the casing.

5. A compressor comprising a casing, a hollow spindle mounted 'into'the said casing, a pump body oscillating about the said spindle within the said casing, a piston reciprocating within the said .pump'body, a driving spindle mounted in said casing in parallelism with the hollow spindle for effecting the reciprocating motion of the piston and the oscillating motion of the pump body, an eccentric keyed on the said driving spindle, and a cage mounted in the piston and provided with. an oblong opening in which rolls the said eccentric.

6. A compressor comprising a casing, a hollow spindle mounted into the said casing, a pump body oscillating about the said spindle within the said casing, a piston reciprocating within the said pump body, means for oscillating the said pump body and reciprocating the said piston, means for introducing the operating fluid into the said casing, suction ports provided in the pump body and which are closed and opened by the piston, a hollow chamber located in the bottom of the pump body and surrounding the hollow spindle about which oscillates said pump body, a :port between the said chamber and the chamber of the pump body in which 'reciprocates the piston, a discharge valve controlling the said port, and means whereby the fluid discharged into the said hollow chamber is evacuated through the interior of the hollow spindle.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

.LUC IEN HAYART. 

